Apparatus for treating garbage



Dc. 28, 1937. N. O'HLSEN I v 2,103,488

APPARATUS FOR TREATING GARBAGE Original Filed April 5. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec.28,1937. N, OHLSE 2,103,488

I APPARATUS FOR TREATING GARBAGE Original Filed April 5. 1926 4 She ts-Shet 2 MI, v

N I m r I I I I \1 n I I' y 'n r I if v I Dee. 28, 1937. I N, OHLgEN- 7 2,103,488

APPARATUS FOR TREATING GARBAGE Original Filed April 5, 1926 4 SheetsSheet 5 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 N. OHVLSEN APPARATUS FOR TREATING GARBAGE Original Filed April 5, 1926 Q QRAZi Dec. 28, 1937.

Patented Dec. 28, 1937 UNITED STATES PATENT-,1 OFFICE Application April 5, 1926, Serial No, 99,721

Renewed September 10, 1936 4 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus. for treating garbage. It has for its object to provide a new and improved apparatus of this description.

The disposal of garbage by burning is difiicult because of the fact that the garbage consists of or contains vegetable material and material that is wet and unburnable in the condition in which it is received. It is therefore necessary to treat this materialin some manner so that when it reaches the burning position, it will be burnable. The present invention has as its object to provide apparatus for securing this result. Theinvention has as a. furtherobject to gradual 1y heat and transfer the garbage-toward the burning position so that it will be in condition to be burned when it reaches the burning position. The invention has other objects which are more particularly pointed out in the accompanying description. I

Referring now to the drawings:

Figure 1 is a plan view in part section showing one form of apparatus for carrying out the process; v 7

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on line 2-2 of Figure Fig. 3 is a plan view similar to Fig. 1 with the top of the apparatus removed; V

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line of Fig. 3; p

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5-5 of Fig.3; 1

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 66 of Fi I Fig. '7 is a view of the support for the garbage showing the manner in which the sections are moved;

I Fig. 8 is an enlarged plan view of one of the sections showing the details of its construction. Like numerals refer to like parts throughout the several figures.

In carrying out the process with the particular construction I provide a chamber I into which the garbage is received. This chamber is provided with a support for the garbage made up of a series of sections shown herein as sections 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, .I, 8, 9. It is,.of course, evident that any desired number of sections maybe used. These sections are arranged to form an inclined support extending from front to rear of the chamber. (See Fig. 2.) At the end of the chamber are the two sections I I] and II which are dumping sections. They are pivoted at their opposite edges and the adjacent edges bend downwardly so as to discharge the unburnable mate- 55 rial such as ashes or cans or crockery. The sections may be made up in any desired manner. As herein shown they preferably consist of across piece I2 having at itsends pins I3 which are rotatably mounted in the stationary members I4. The cross piece is preferably cast and the first bar I5 is preferably cast integrally therewith. The other bars I6 are removably connected to the cross piece I2 by a fastening device I! so that they may be easily renewed if desired. All of these bars may be detachably connected to the cross piece I2 but I p-refer tomake the end bars integral for purposes of strength, as the sections are supported in their closed positions by pins I8which engage the first bars on each side of the sections as shown in Fig. 8. A

The sections 2 to Sam arranged to be separately controlled sothat they may be-moved separately to transfer the garbagefrom one to the other. This may be accomplished in: any desired manner. As herein shown the sections 2 to 9 are provided with projections 20. to 911. Connected with these projections are the control members 2b to 9b. These controlmembers are moved'by the operating levers 20 to 190. .(See Figs. 2 and 6.) It .will thus be seen that each of the sections .of the support can be moved independently to move the garbage thereon to the next adjacent section to the rear. j The sections II] and I I have the projections Illa and I la and are operated by control members I0?) and I II) controlled by the levers I00 and Ho.

The chamber I is provided with a door 20 by means of which access may be obtained to the lower end of the receptacle. I prefer top-rovide a series of coils 2I in thechamber I for heating water. These coils are connected by a pipe 22 with the source of supply and by a pipe 23 with any-suitable receptacle, such as the boiler 24. The steam or hot water from the boiler may be conveyed by the pipe 23a to the source of use. This pipe is preferably insulated by heating insulation 241). The chamber I may be provided with doors 25 and 26 through which the material may be inserted. I prefer, however, to provide a feeding device for inserting the garbage which will not require the chamber to be open to the atmosphere forany considerable length of time, thereby preventing the cooling effect which air in the ordinary way through the doors 25 and 26 produces. h

This feeding device as herein shown (see Fig. 2) consists of a movable garbage holding element or plate 21 which covers an opening 28 in the rec p acle, A charg of arbage s pla d upon this plate 21 and the plate is then moved aside to permit the garbage to be discharged into the receptacle. I prefer to provide a confining device 29 for the garbage so that the charge may be of the proper size and properly regulated. The plate 21 is moved by means of a lever 30 pivoted at 3| and which is connected to the plate by the member 32.

The gases from the burning garbage pass out through the smoke'stack 33. This smoke'stack is connected with a chamber 34 and the chamber 34 is connected with a can receptacle 35.

are perforated as shown (see Fig. 3). vice is preferably arranged so that heated gases from the combustion of the garbage may pass into the chamber 38 containing the boiler 24 for the purpose of heating this boiler. The gas passing through the chamber 38, passes out of the receptacle I, through the opening 39 (see Fig. 2) and then into the chamber 38 and then through the flues 4|] of the boiler (seev Fig.4) and then through the opening 4| and the perforated wall 31 into the can receptacle 35 and then out through the smoke stack. These hot gases heat the water in the boiler for the purpose of producing hot water or steam. If steam is produced it may be used to operate any desired machinery or apparatus.

Instead of all the hot gases passing through theboiler, a portion of them may pass directly into the can receptacle 35. In order to do this I provide a damper 42 which controls an opening 43 (see'Figs. 4 and 5). When this damper is open a portion of the hot gases passes from the opening -39 in the receptacle I, through the opening 43', and then through the perforated walls 31 into the can receptacle 35. The amount of hot gases taking this path may be controlled by the damper 42; and when the damper is completely closed, all the gases pass through the boiler. All tin, suchas tin cans and the like is placedin the can receptacle and the heat melts the tin therefrom and leaves the sheet iron, which can then be used for any desired purpose. The can receptacle is provided with a cover 44 through which cans are discharged into the can receptacle. It is also provided with a door 45 through which the sheet metal may be removed. The chamber 34 is provided with a door 46 by means of which access thereto is secured.

The use and operation of my invention are as follows:

When it is desired to burn the garbage a fire is started in the chamber I. The garbage is then inserted and properly distributed over the support which consists of the sections 2 to 9. The distribution may be brought about in any desired manner, as by means of the proper instrument inserted in the door 25. The garbage on the various sections is heated by the fire and is gradually transferred to the supporting sections In and and burned, the process preferably being continuous.

The garbage is transferred from one section of the support to the adjacentone as it becomes heated and partially dried, and the garbage nearer the inner end of the chamber I thus becomes heated and dried so that the last transfer brings it to the fire so that it will be burned.

The transfer of the garbage from one section to another is accomplished by manipulating the levers 20 to 90.

When it is desired to dump the incombustible The. two side walls 36 and 31 of the can receptacle" The dematerial from the support, the sections 10 and l l are operated by the levers I 00 and Ho. After the device is set in operation so that the fire is well started, the garbage is preferably inserted through the opening 28 in charges of the desired amount. This insertion is done quickly by simply moving the plate 21 back and forth and this prevents the chamber I from being cooled.

It will be seen that by means of this invention the garbage is'arranged in a. layer and-heated and transferred successively to' positions nearer the burning portions and finally transferred to the burning portion and burned, a new supply of garbage'being supplied as required, and the process being continuous so that it will be unnecessary to provide other fuel than the garbage itself.

By means 'of this process and apparatus the garbage i'snot only disposed of by burning, but

. the products of combustion are used for useful purposes, either for producing hot water or steam for commercial purposes, and the garbage is completely disposed of quickly and efiiciently without the use of other fuel and without smoke or objectionable odors. Under ordinary conditions garbage may beburning along the entire length of the support, that is including all of the sections. Thus even when new garbage is placed in the chamber it will fall on top of the burning garbage, and there therefore may be heat under the entire mass which will be disposed in a layer having a thickness which will depend upon the conditions presented.

I claim: r I

1. An apparatus for treating garbage comprising a burning chamber, a support in said chamber upon which the garbage rests, said support divided.into-'movab1e sections, extending crosswise of the chamber-and upon which the garbage rests while being heated, and apparatus for successively moving said sections of the support so as to separately'transfer the garbage from one section to the adjacent section whereby the garbage is gradually dried and burned while passing down said inclined support, and a measuring feeding device for supplying new garbage to said support consisting of a garbage confining device provided witha movable garbage holding element located above said support and adapted to receive a charge of the garbage, and means for moving said element from beneath the garbage so as to cause the charge to fall into said chamber.

2. An apparatus for treating garbage comprising a burning chamber, the chamber being provided with an opening at the front through which garbage is inserted therein, 'a support in said chamber for said garbage inclined from the front downwardly toward the rear of the chamber, said support divided into a series of sections crosswise thereof, each crosswise section being separately movable, with means for moving each crosswise section so that the garbage thereon is bodily moved to the next section away from the opening, the last movable section constituting the burning section for the garbage, the garbage be- 7 ingdried and burned upon this inclined support by the heat supplied exclusively by the garbage to be disposed of.

incline toward the lower end thereof, there being a lower section of the grate at the lower end of said incline, upon which the hot clinkers of the burning garbage are received, the garbage being dried and burned upon the grate by the heat supplied exclusively by the garbage to be disposed of, the odoriferous vapors and fumes from the garbage, while it is passing along said grate, being conveyed through the entire length of the combustion chamber on their way to the outlet, so that the odor is destroyed and the products of combustion pass from the combustion chamber free from such odor.

4. An apparatus for treating garbage comprising a burning chamber provided with an opening at the front through which the garbage is inserted and an outlet to the flue at the rear, a supporting grate in said chamber for said garbage,

inclined from the front downwardly toward the rear of the chamber, means for moving said grate to gradually move the garbage down the incline toward the lower end thereof, there being a lower section of the grate at the lower end of said incline, upon which the hot clinkers of the burning garbage are received, the garbage being dried and burned upon the grate by the heat supplied exclusively by the garbage to be disposed of, the furnace being so constructed as to prevent the escape of the odoriferous vapors and fumes as they travel along said grate, until they have travelled the entire length of the grate, so that the odor is destroyed and the products of combustion pass from the combustion chamber free from such odor.

NIELS OHLSEN. 

